Generate Random Strings in Python

import secrets
import string

def generate_random_string(length=16, custom_chars=None):
    if custom_chars is None:
        # Default: alphanumeric characters
        custom_chars = string.ascii_letters + string.digits

    return ''.join(secrets.choice(custom_chars) for _ in range(length))

# Generate a 16-character alphanumeric string
random_string = generate_random_string(16)
print(random_string)  # Example: aB3xY7mN2pQ9zR5t

# Generate a 12-character hex string
hex_string = generate_random_string(12, string.hexdigits[:16])
print(hex_string)  # Example: a3f7b2e9c4d1

# Generate a 10-character lowercase string
lowercase_string = generate_random_string(10, string.ascii_lowercase)
print(lowercase_string)  # Example: xmkpqrstuv

# Generate URL-safe token (alternative method)
url_safe_token = secrets.token_urlsafe(16)
print(url_safe_token)  # Example: xK8mP2vN5qR7sT9w